Oracle 12C R2单节点GRID+DATABASE如何安装

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具体安装过程如下

软件包检查

yum install -y binutils

yum install -y compat-libcap1

yum install -y compat-libstdc++-33

yum install -y compat-libstdc++-33.i686

yum install -y e2fsprogs

yum install -y e2fsprogs-libs

yum install -y glibc

yum install -y glibc.i686

yum install -y glibc-devel

yum install -y glibc-devel.i686

yum install -y ksh

yum install -y glibc-devel

yum install -y glibc-devel.i686

yum install -y libaio.i686

yum install -y libaio.i686

yum install -y libX11

yum install -y libX11.i686

yum install -y libXau

yum install -y libXau.i686

yum install -y libXi

yum install -y libXi.i686

yum install -y libXtst

yum install -y libXtst.i686

yum install -y libgcc

yum install -y libgcc.i686

yum install -y libstdc++

yum install -y libstdc++.i686

yum install -y libstdc++-devel

yum install -y libstdc++-devel.i686

yum install -y libxcb

yum install -y libxcb.i686

yum install -y make

yum install -y net-tools

yum install -y nfs-utils

yum install -y smartmontools

yum install -y sysstat

yum install -y unixODBC

yum install -y unixODBC.i686

目录和用户创建：

mkdir -p /u01/app

[root@jing1 app]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

[root@jing1 app]# chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid

[root@jing1 app]# chmod -R 775 /u01

[root@jing1 app]# chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/12.2.0/

[root@jing1 app]# groupadd -g 1000 oinstall

[root@jing1 app]# groupadd -g 1200 asmadmin

[root@jing1 app]# groupadd -g 1201 asmdba

[root@jing1 app]# groupadd -g 1202 asmoper

[root@jing1 app]# groupadd -g 1300 dba

[root@jing1 app]# groupadd -g 1301 oper

useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba -d /home/oracle -s /bin/bash -c "Oracle Software Owner" oracle

useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper -d /home/grid -s /bin/bash -c "grid Infrastructure Owner" grid

修改host文件

[root@jing1 ~]# more /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

10.135.2.236 jing1

配置profile

[grid@jing1 ~]$ more .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/12.2.0/grid

umask 022

配置oraInventory

[root@jing1 app]# more /etc/oraInst.loc

inventory_loc=/u01/app/oraInventory

inst_group=oinstall

修改limit：

cp /etc/security/limits.conf /etc/security/limits.conf.bak

echo "oracle soft nproc 2047" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo "oracle hard nproc 16384" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo "oracle soft nofile 1024" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo "oracle hard nofile 65536" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo " oracle   soft   stack    10240" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo " oracle   hard   stack    32768" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo "grid soft nproc 2047" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo "grid hard nproc 16384" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo "grid soft nofile 1024" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo "grid hard nofile 65536" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo "grid  soft   stack    10240" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

echo "grid  hard   stack    32768" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

存储创建

此处要说明一下，本单节点服务器创建了一个卷组vg_jing1,为了使用asm创建了一个逻辑卷lv_asmdisk,如下：

[root@jing1 vg_jing1]# ll /dev/vg_jing1/

total 0

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Nov 30 16:34 lv_asmdisk -> ../dm-3

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Nov 30 16:22 lv_home -> ../dm-2

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Nov 30 16:22 lv_root -> ../dm-0

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Nov 30 16:22 lv_swap -> ../dm-1

为了是asm能识别到该盘

chown grid:asmadmin /dev/dm-3

但是。。。这个权限会自动变回去如下：

[root@jing1 dev]# ll /dev/dm*

brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 0 Nov 30 16:22 /dev/dm-0

brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 1 Nov 30 16:22 /dev/dm-1

brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 2 Nov 30 16:22 /dev/dm-2

brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 3 Nov 30 16:42 /dev/dm-3

[root@jing1 dev]#

没搞定，参考下面文档，找找灵感

http://www.itpub.net/thread-2070853-1-1.html

参考：

http://blog.163.com/yanenshun@126/blog/static/1283881692014818902668/

具体方法如下：

使用udev修改dm文件权限：

vim /etc/udev/rules.d/12-dm-permissions.rules

[root@jing1 vg_jing1]# more /etc/udev/rules.d/12-dm-permissions.rules

ENV{DM_NAME}=="vg_jing1-lv_asmdisk", OWNER:="grid", GROUP:="asmadmin", MODE:="660", SYMLINK+="iscsi/oraasm-$env{DM_NAME}"

然后

/sbin/start_udev

后查看权限：

[root@jing1 vg_jing1]# ll /dev/dm*

brw-rw---- 1 root disk     253, 0 Nov 30 17:45 /dev/dm-0

brw-rw---- 1 root disk     253, 1 Nov 30 17:45 /dev/dm-1

brw-rw---- 1 root disk     253, 2 Nov 30 17:45 /dev/dm-2

brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 253, 3 Nov 30 17:45 /dev/dm-3

成功修改

配置内核

cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.bak

echo "fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "fs.file-max = 6815744" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "kernel.shmall = 3288424" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "kernel.shmmax = 16836732928" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "kernel.shmmni = 4096" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.core.rmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.core.rmem_max = 4194304" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.core.wmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.core.wmem_max = 1048576" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 16384 4194304 " >> /etc/sysctl.conf

echo "net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 4194304 " >> /etc/sysctl.conf

sysctl -p

关闭selinux

[root@rac01 ntp]# setenforce 0

[root@rac01 ntp]# vim /etc/selinux/config

SELINUX=disabled

关闭防火墙

[root@storage ~]# service iptables stop

[root@storage ~]# chkconfig  iptables off

[grid@jing1 grid]$ ./gridSetup.sh

[root@jing1 grid]# ./root.sh

Performing root user operation.

The following environment variables are set as:

ORACLE_OWNER= grid

ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/12.2.0/grid

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:

Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...

Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Creating /etc/oratab file...

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/12.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params

The log of current session can be found at:

/u01/app/grid/crsdata/jing1/crsconfig/roothas_2017-12-01_09-55-22AM.log

2017/12/01 09:55:24 CLSRSC-363: User ignored prerequisites during installation

LOCAL ADD MODE

Creating OCR keys for user 'grid', privgrp 'oinstall'..

Operation successful.

LOCAL ONLY MODE

Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.

Creating OCR keys for user 'root', privgrp 'root'..

Operation successful.

CRS-4664: Node jing1 successfully pinned.

2017/12/01 09:55:53 CLSRSC-330: Adding Clusterware entries to file 'oracle-ohasd.conf'

CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'jing1'

CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.evmd' on 'jing1'

CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.evmd' on 'jing1' succeeded

CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'jing1' has completed

CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.

CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.

jing1     2017/12/01 09:57:13     /u01/app/12.2.0/grid/cdata/jing1/backup_20171201_095713.olr     0

2017/12/01 09:57:19 CLSRSC-327: Successfully configured Oracle Restart for a standalone server

完成grid安装，界面显示如下：

[grid@jing1 grid]$ ./gridSetup.sh

Launching Oracle Grid Infrastructure Setup Wizard...

You can find the log of this install session at:

/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/GridSetupActions2017-12-01_09-32-38AM/gridSetupActions2017-12-01_09-32-38AM.log

在.bash_profile中添加如下环境变量，其中Oracle home在安装前已设置：

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/12.2.0/grid

export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy/mm/dd hh34:mi:ss'

export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

umask 022

安装Oracle数据库：

编辑oracle用户的profile，添加

export ORACLE_SID=YCR12C

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/db_1

export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy/mm/dd hh34:mi:ss'

umask 022

开始安装

[oracle@jing1 database]$ ./runInstaller

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 500 MB.   Actual 175184 MB    Passed

Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 16127 MB    Passed

Checking monitor: must be configured to display at least 256 colors.    Actual 16777216    Passed

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2017-12-01_10-12-43AM. Please wait ...[oracle@jing1 database]$

[root@jing1 db_1]# ./root.sh

Performing root user operation.

The following environment variables are set as:

ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:

The contents of "dbhome" have not changed. No need to overwrite.

The contents of "oraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.

The contents of "coraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

Do you want to setup Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA) now ? yes|[no] :

yes

Installing Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA).

Log File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/install/root_jing1_2017-12-01_10-21-20-447877904.log

Finished installing Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA)

安装过程

[oracle@jing1 database]$ ./runInstaller

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 500 MB.   Actual 175184 MB    Passed

Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 16127 MB    Passed

Checking monitor: must be configured to display at least 256 colors.    Actual 16777216    Passed

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2017-12-01_10-12-43AM. Please wait ...[oracle@jing1 database]$ You can find the log of this install session at:

/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2017-12-01_10-12-43AM.log

创建数据库

使用oracle用户

处理方法：

根据文档

Database Creation in Oracle Restart Environment Fails With "ORA-01017: Invalid Username/password" (文档 ID 2108268.1)

[root@jing1 db_1]# id grid

uid=1100(grid) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper)

[root@jing1 db_1]# usermod -a -G dba grid

[root@jing1 db_1]# id grid

uid=1100(grid) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper),1300(dba)

重新运行dbca，要删除之前创建的YCR12C数据库，在dbca中选择delete database即可

按照上面截图的不忠重新运行即可，选项不必盖面，本次成功

安装完成后查看监听正常：

[oracle@jing1 admin]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 01-DEC-2017 11:07:31

Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias                     LISTENER

Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production

Start Date                01-DEC-2017 09:58:42

Uptime                    0 days 1 hr. 8 min. 49 sec

Trace Level               off

Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP                      OFF

Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/12.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File         /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/jing1/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=jing1)(PORT=1521)))

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

Services Summary...

Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "+ASM", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "+ASM_DATA" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "+ASM", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "5f3f946fc4442e02e053ec02870a3fb7" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "YCR12C", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "YCR12C" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "YCR12C", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "YCR12CXDB" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "YCR12C", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "ycr12cpdb" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "YCR12C", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

[oracle@jing1 admin]$

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